I normally reserve non-political posts for the weekends, but you know what Thoreau said about a foolish consistency. Besides, how can I resist drawing your attention to an article by Jacques Vallee (the real-life model for Francois Truffaut character in Close Encounters) on Stanley Kubrick's Eyes Wide Shut and Roman Polanski's The Ninth Gate?
Alas, the Vallee piece is a bit of a disappointment. I agree with his view that the Polanski film conveys a much more persuasive aura of real occultism than does Kubrick's offering. Of course, The Ninth Gate asks audiences to believe that the supernatural is real, and Kubrick does not. That's a big difference.
Vallee is correct when he says that EWS is -- on the level of plot -- hooey. Ultra-affluent Satanic sex clubs of that sort simply do not exist outside the fever-dream hallucinations of Alex Jones and his fellow Christian soldiers (such as these idiots). If such gatherings actually took place in the modern world, I would have heard of them. Very wealthy men usually do not go in for public rutting -- they are too vain to display their shortcomings.
Yes, genuine practitioners of sex magick do exist -- I used to date a high-ranking OTO disciple -- but I doubt that any of 'em have that kind of money. Usually, they live in apartments and drive used cars and eat off the value menu at Carls Jr. Butlers? Limousines? Oh, they wish.
Sex magick isn't nearly as much fun as it sounds. Basically, the idea is to keep your mind focused on some non-sexual goal during orgasm. Once that principle was explained to me, I said no thanks. Who wants to be thinking "Job promotion!" or "New headphones!" at that moment?
Incidentally, T9G -- if I may so abbreviate the Polanski movie -- also makes reference to aristocratic sex magick clubs. Pure myth. But nobody ever came into that movie expecting a documentary.
Vallee, like most other commenters, misses the most important theme of EWS: Monogamy. Yes, it really is that simple. And that complex. If the practice of monogamy were easy, then why are so many people bad at it?
I think I know the secret of Kubrick's long-standing attraction to that story. In my opinion, the film is rather more autobiographical than most suppose.
Eyes Wide Shut is based on Arthur Schnitzler's Traumnovelle, published during the 1920s. Kubrick first focused on making a film of this book in the early 1970s, between A Clockwork Orange and Barry Lyndon. That's the key fact.
If you've seen Clockwork, you must recall the scene in which the "reformed" Alex is tempted by a gorgeous platinum blonde who appears onstage wearing only sheer light-violet panties. ("She came to-ward me...") That fetching young creature was Virginia Wetherell, who first came to my attention in the Boris Karloff horror film Curse of the Crimson Altar, which was written by none other than Henry Lincoln. (Yes, the Holy Blood, Holy Grail guy. I don't think he lists Curse on his resume these days.)
An interview with Wetherell was on the net circa 1996-97. It's gone now, and although I saved a copy, I've blasted through quite a few hard drives since that time. So I must rely on memory. In her recounting of what-it-was-like-to-work-with-Kubrick, she told an extremely odd story about her, uh, costuming. Basically, she asked the great man what color and kind of panties she should wear. Kubrick asked her to model a few pairs. Then he had her go to the department store and pick up a few dozen more panties.
And she modeled all of them. Over and over. It got weird.
Well, many will chalk up that incident to Kubrick's notorious perfectionism. Many others will presume the obvious: Virginia Wetherell was pretty damned amazing, while Stanley Kubrick -- reports to the contrary notwithstanding -- was human. You bet your ass I'd have kept the fashion show going on as long as possible.
This is presumption on my part, but the "underwear incident" may have triggered his interest in Schnitzler's work. Clockwork was Kubrick's first film with nudity. He must have had dozens of nubile lovelies come in for casting sessions. Perhaps it finally dawned on Stanley Kubrick that he was Mr. Big Shot Movie Director and that he could chuck his marriage and play the "Hef" role -- if he wanted to.
Of course, all men experience temptation. I've never read a hint that Kubrick actually did anything to endanger his marriage. But is it just a coincidence that he became, at this point, fiercely attracted to Traumnovelle? It is, after all, the story of a successful man who is tempted to cheat on his wife, only to hold himself in check because, well, it's scary out there. Love keeps spouses in place -- but so does fear, and one might as well be honest about that fact.
The autobiographical underpinnings of EWS are indicated by the presence of Christiane Kubrick's artwork, visible throughout the film. She is, in my opinion, a terrific artist. On some viewings, I came away convinced that I liked her paintings better than his movie. (My feelings about the film fluctuate.) Who knows? 700 years from now, Stanley Kubrick may be remembered as the guy who married Christiane.
If you've seen Paths of Glory, you've seen Mrs. Kubrick: She plays the captured German girl who sings Ein treuer Husar during the moving finale. Fascinatingly, she was the niece of Third Reich filmmaker Veit Harlan, who, after the war, stood accused of creating anti-Semitic propaganda. Kubrick -- who was Jewish -- became fascinated by Veit Harlan and had hoped to make a biographical film about him.
I probably shouldn't mention this, but Christiane Kubrick must be the only real-life woman in the history of the world who actually dressed the way Wendy (Shelley Duvall) dressed in The Shining. At least, that's how she dressed for a filmed interview. I have no idea what to make of that, but there it is. (Nothing here is meant to make the woman feel bad; as noted above, I admire her work.)
When EWS came out, many snickered at Kubrick's seeming prudishness. As Vallee puts it: "It could be summed up as 'Handsome young millionaire doctor tries to get laid in New York for three days and fails!'" But faithfulness remains a perfectly valid theme for any work of art. Arguably, faithfulness is a more courageous theme than is promiscuity. I may not believe in marriage, but I do believe in commitment. Sophisticates who cackle at that concept are not as sophisticated as they pretend.
About T9G: The abruptness of the ending pissed off a lot of people. But would the film have been better if Polanski had visualized whatever-it-is that lies beyond the gate? Imagine how Michael Bay would have finished the thing. Once you're done shuddering, you'll be grateful that Polanski tastefully rang down the curtain when he did.
Added note about The Ninth Gate: I think a big problem many people have with this film stems from the fact that Johnny Depp's character is, quite simply, an asshole. Although he's not evil, he doesn't care much about human beings. More amoral than immoral. Yet he is the one who is granted the privilege of walking through the gate. He doesn't deserve it, but there he goes.
Traditionally, we think of spiritual advancement as being linked to morality. The classic real-life archetypes are Jeanne d'Arc and Gilles de Rais: The virginal, heroic saint versus the fiend who wants to bludgeon his way into the higher realms. Bernadette versus Boullan also serve as models. Depp resembles neither. T9G tells us that the man who breaks through the Great Barrier is neither virtuous nor venal; he's simply clever and lucky.
That's not an emotionally satisfying thought, I must admit.
13 comments:
i had never heard of 'traumnovelle' and had always assumed that EWS 'borrowed' heavily from the novel 'tomasso and the blind photographer' by gesualdo bufalino. the book, published in italian in 1996 and english in 2000, involves a blind photographer who is paid to take pictures of elite orgies, complete with satanic practices. there are a variety of other similarities between EWS and the novel (the death/murder of one of the models involved in the orgies who talks too much, etc.) then again, maybe bufalino borrowed from schnitzler.
Some Transcendentalist guy was the one who said it: Ralph Waldo Emerson.
XI
Maybe the clothing of the Shelly Duvall character in The Shining looked like Kubrick's wife's attire because there are autobiographical elements to the movie.
At least, so says Jay Weidner, in a perhaps fanciful analysis of the symbolism of the movie.
http://www.jayweidner.com/ShiningSecrets.html
While I cannot subscribe to the claimed analysis, the symbolism I think he rightly points to with screen shots, etc. appears to be there (I haven't seen the movie in decades), and interesting to try to explain in some alternative fashion.
XI
Joe, this is a wonderful piece of writing on your part, even if your argument is deeply flawed. First of all, you're right about Kubrick's carnal fascinations. There's a funny story told by a sound technician who worked on "The Shining." Since the actors were all wearing hidden radio mikes for the vocal tracks, and the technician was wearing headphones, he could hear all the little comments being made in between takes. At one point, during a tea break, Kubrick approached Jack Nicholson. Thinking that this was his opportunity to hear the master at work, the technician raised the level on Nicholson's mike, only to hear Kubrick comment: "nice tits on the teagirl."
Your theory regarding Kubrick's reasons for making "Eyes Wide Shut" is, however, somewhat ill-informed. In the novella on which his screenplay is based, Kubrick saw the opportunity for obliterating the protocols of narrative film storytelling, something he had come very close to doing on 2001: A Space Odyssey." Kubrick himself has said as much, over the years. He wanted to turn the art of film narrative on it's head, and the odd jigsaw puzzle of Arthur Schnitzler's Traumnovelle seemed to him to provide the perfect pretext for such an artist excursion. I'm afraid that many of your comments regarding EWS 's failings sound to me like Pauline Kael's assessment of 2001: "a monumentally unimaginative film."
IN EWS, you never really know when you're in a dream or when your in reality. The NEw York Street sets look very much like the hallways the expensive Manhattan townhouses Cruise's character visits, and many of the scenes seem to be mirror images of other scenes, with various characters exhibiting almost identical behaviors. The film IS a puzzel, and one that Lorenda and I are still grappling with (Lorenda's ideas about the film are far more interesting than mine, by the way).
I don't think that Kubrick had much of an interest in the occult, but he DID have a great interest in ritual and power, and these are the major elements in play during the orgy sequence in EWS. Once look at the director's "Barry Lyndon," with its endless streams of ritualized savagery, is all the evidence required to see that this is so.
Still, the film IS also about marital fidelity. Hell, the password to the orgy is "Fidelio" (unlike the password in the novella). I think Kubrick was out to make a statement about human sexuality and monogamy, but I also think he was deeply involved in an experiment in narrative structures for film.
I'm a filmmaker, and a great admirer of Stanley Kubrick. And I really enjoyed your article, despite my differences of opinion.
What a fascinating essay. I have nothing to add to it except that this is the reason I love your blog, it never fails to entertain and elucidate. Thanks.
Why don't you contribute Your Virginia information to her wiki page?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Wetherell
I concur.
Brad, I think the "puzzle" aspects of EWS trace back to the time of the film's gestation, right after Clockwork.
One of the things Kubrick loved about Burgess' novel was the symmetry of it -- the people and incidents encountered during the first ten minutes are all met again in the final act. There's a sense of falling-domino inevitability to the progression. Burgess always seemed a little ticked off with readers who didn't notice his experiments with structure.
EWS attempts a very similar structure, but in my view, it is less effective. After Cruise gets kicked out of the mansion, everything afterward is kind of irritating and anti-climactic. I suppose one wants to hear Sidney Pollack's words of explanation, although there's WAY too much dialogue in that scene. The bit with Sobiestki is creepy and funny (and is closer to the Polanski affair than most people know), but the thing with the hooker doesn't have anything like the impact Kubrick hoped for. And Tom Cruise takes FOREVER to get a damned beer from the fridge.
Most of the problems, in my view, stem from Raphael's screenplay, which is rather too wordy. Kubrick cut it down, but he needed a bigger knife.
Basically, EWS is a puzzle for us to solve. When are we in the real world and when are we in a dream world? I know that Bill moves between reality and fantasy sometimes in the same scene - most particularly in the scene with Domino's roommate (he's jolted back to reality when she talks about Domino being diagnosed with HIV) and in the scene with Pollack's character, Victor, at the end. I'm also quite certain that quite few scenes only exist in on the character's imagination. I think Bill's, but I could be wrong. Kubrick's gift is a puzzle that takes innumerable viewings to begin to figure out what really happened and what is simply fantasy.
The clues to this lie in the production design, story elements and in the actors' performances. For example, the wall paper in the bedroom of the guy who died, is the same as the wall paper outside Bill and Alice's apartment. The arrangement of the Christmas lights on the wall of the stairwell at the party show up in the same arrangement in other areas as well. The performances of the actors - Alan Cummings' character has the same mannerisms as the waitress in the coffee shop, as Marion (the daughter of the guy who died), as Sally (Domino's roommate) has in the fantasy part of her encounter with Bill. When Victor confronts Bill in the billiard room, at one point, Bill's mannerisms mimic Alice's mannerism when she is accusingly asking him his theories about male and female sexuality. She points in a distinctive way and he uses the same gesture. Story elements reappear - at the party, a sophisticated Hungarian tries to seduce Alice. Meantime, two young models offer to take Tom over the rainbow. Later on, Bill rents a costume at Over The Rainbow from a coarse version of the Hungarian and two Asian men are engaged in a fling with the costume shop owner's daughter. Amusingly, the globe table lights in the nightclub where Nick Nightingale reveals the existence of the orgy and the password to get in are the same kind of lights in the ghost-filled club in The Shining.
That's just a tiny sample of what's there. I really love that movie and am endlessly fascinated by it.
I think it was Kubrick's family values movie. One thing I'm clear about is that he finds a monogamous relationship more sexually satisfying than the bizarrely exhibitionist sex that takes place at orgies.
Lastly, I will point out that there is a huge disconnect between how upset Nicole is at the end, and what allegedly transpires. What I think, at least right now, is that Tom was never called up to the bathroom at the party. I think he went off with the models and the unconscious girl in the bathroom is the story he cooks up to explain his absence.
Gee gosh O me O my...
I dropped in to see what naughty things you have been posting since some folks showed up at TC to complain about ya.
Hemmm, well, now that I see the picture is doesn't look as bad and I take it she was a full adult and that it was from a scene of the movie. Correct?
Nudity, in its proper form, artistic realm can be beautiful and a work of art ala the statue of Micheal. The nudity I object to is the purely shocking kind, the kind that elicits some thing vulgar and of course the worst is the one that ilicit violence and protrays violence with no point to it, but to show the violence.
OK, so you still gosh and smile at a gal's photo of a lady in her sixties... you naughty boy, looking at photos of little Ole ladies. ;-)
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